Renewable Energy and the Environment by Md. Rabiul Islam Naruttam Kumar Roy & Saifur Rahman

Author:Md. Rabiul Islam, Naruttam Kumar Roy & Saifur Rahman
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer Singapore, Singapore

For the SC system, a main DC cable is used to transfer the electric power from the utility grid and RESs to local residential and industrial areas, while N branch DC cables are used to distribute the electric power to various power loads. The RESs mainly consist of AC output type distributed generators (DGs) such as wind turbines and hydro turbines, and DC output type DGs such as photovoltaic (PV) cells and FCs. The two types of DGs are connected with the main DC cable through the operations of AC/DC and DC/DC power conversions, respectively.

For the SMES system implanted, it is in one of three types: (i) The first type connected with the utility grid and RESs is used to locally compensate the transient output power fluctuations from the utility grid and RES themselves; (ii) The second type connected with the AC loads, DC loads and electric vehicles (EVs) is used to serve as fast-response uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) for improving the output power quality; (iii) The third type connected with the bus line between the main cable and N branch cables is used to bridge the utility grid and RESs with various distributed loads, and thus to buffer the power fluctuations from the utility grid and RESs and to compensate the load fluctuations from the distributed loads.

To evaluate the performance of the integrated SC and SMES systems under short circuit and power fluctuation conditions, the SC model system includes one 200 V/100 kA/20 MW main cable and five 200 V/20 kA/4 MW branch cables. The third type SMES model system includes one 0.06 H/15.5 kA/7.2 MJ coil assembly and one bridge-type chopper assembly. The coil assembly has twenty 1.2 H/775 A/360 kJ solenoidal units in parallel. Each unit is connected to the bus line between the main cable and five branch cables through one bridge-type chopper unit. To suit such a high current capacity, a solenoidal coil with step-shaped cross-sectional shape can be introduced and designed.

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